Bramley, Stainer published his arrangement in Christmas Carols New and Old (1871). This music was used as the basis for the famous arrangement made by Sir John Stainer, an organist, composer, and professor of music who was knighted by Queen Victoria for his contribution to music in Britain. The tune name “Chestnut” is derived from a 1651 book by John Playford called The English Dancing Master (a book that includes dance instructions and the music associated with each dance). A number of related tunes existed throughout Europe by the 16th century, and Lloyd believed that though the tune most likely traveled to England from France, it may have originated further east and farther back in time. Lloyd, a collector and researcher of folk songs, wrote: “In its sundry variants, it is commonest melody for quête songs” (a song that brings luck). As the words of the song say, “Christ our Savior was born on Christmas day to save us all from Satan’s power.” Surely, this news should keep believers in good spirits it is a true tiding of “comfort and joy.” According to the Penguin Book of Carols, “It is not, as so often thought, addressed to merry gentlemen but rather to those who may be anxious.”As the first stanza of the carol reveals, there is a spiritual battle against evil. The comma should be after the word “merry.” Thus, the original intent of the carol was that “God keep you in good spirits, gentlemen,” not that God give rest to merry gentlemen. For example, the Old English meaning of the word “rest” is perhaps best translated “keep” the word “merry” is perhaps best translated as either “good spirits” or “strong.” Additionally, the meaning of the first line changes significantly depending on where the comma is placed. In addition to the variety of words associated with this carol, there is also tremendous confusion on the meaning, and even the punctuation, of the first line of the carol.
In fact Dickens’ version of the words say “God bless you” instead of “God rest you.” The first known published version of the carol was in 1833. Though the author is unknown, the carol was “a piece so often printed and sung in districts so widely separated there are several variations in the different copies of ” (William Husk, Songs of the Nativity). It has thus been deemed the “Christmas carol of A Christmas Carol.” This comes as no surprise since it was arguably the most popular song of Dickens’ era.
In the 1843 classic story A Christmas Carol, Charles Dickens wrote how Scrooge drove away a caroler who came singing this carol. History of “God Rest You Merry, Gentlemen”:
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